GMAT · AlgebraMediumMedium Problem Solving · ~2 min

Quadratic Equation with Two Real Roots — Finding the Sum

Answer

The answer is C — the sum of the roots is 7. For a quadratic ax² + bx + c = 0, the sum of the roots equals −b/a. Here −(−7)/1 = 7, so you never have to factor.

Problem

If x² − 7x + 10 = 0, what is the sum of the two solutions for x?

  • A2
  • B5
  • C7✓ Correct
  • D10
  • E12

Step-by-step solution

  1. Recall the shortcut. For ax² + bx + c = 0, the sum of the roots is −b/a and the product is c/a.

  2. Read off the coefficients. Here a = 1, b = −7, c = 10.

  3. Apply the formula. Sum of roots = −b/a = −(−7)/1 = 7. (Factoring confirms it: (x − 2)(x − 5) = 0, roots 2 and 5, sum 7.) The answer is C.

Key takeaway: When a quadratic only asks for the sum or product of roots, use −b/a and c/a instead of factoring — it is a one-step calculation.

Frequently asked

Do I need to factor to find the sum of the roots?

No. The sum of the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0 is always −b/a, so you can answer without finding the individual roots.

What is the product of the roots in this problem?

The product is c/a = 10/1 = 10, which matches 2 × 5.